<h2>Editing File: /usr/include/c++/8/stdexcept</h2><form method='post'><textarea name='content' class='file-edit'>// Standard exception classes  -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 2001-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// &lt;http://www.gnu.org/licenses/&gt;.

/** @file include/stdexcept
 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
 */

//
// ISO C++ 19.1  Exception classes
//

#ifndef _GLIBCXX_STDEXCEPT
#define _GLIBCXX_STDEXCEPT 1

#pragma GCC system_header

#include &lt;exception&gt;
#include &lt;string&gt;

namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION

#if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
#if _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI
  // Emulates an old COW string when the new std::string is in use.
  struct __cow_string
  {
    union {
      const char* _M_p;
      char _M_bytes[sizeof(const char*)];
    };

    __cow_string();
    __cow_string(const std::string&amp;);
    __cow_string(const char*, size_t);
    __cow_string(const __cow_string&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
    __cow_string&amp; operator=(const __cow_string&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
    ~__cow_string();
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    __cow_string(__cow_string&amp;&amp;) noexcept;
    __cow_string&amp; operator=(__cow_string&amp;&amp;) noexcept;
#endif
  };

  typedef basic_string&lt;char&gt; __sso_string;
#else // _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI
  typedef basic_string&lt;char&gt; __cow_string;

  // Emulates a new SSO string when the old std::string is in use.
  struct __sso_string
  {
    struct __str
    {
      const char* _M_p;
      size_t _M_string_length;
      char _M_local_buf[16];
    };

    union {
      __str _M_s;
      char _M_bytes[sizeof(__str)];
    };

    __sso_string() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
    __sso_string(const std::string&amp;);
    __sso_string(const char*, size_t);
    __sso_string(const __sso_string&amp;);
    __sso_string&amp; operator=(const __sso_string&amp;);
    ~__sso_string();
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    __sso_string(__sso_string&amp;&amp;) noexcept;
    __sso_string&amp; operator=(__sso_string&amp;&amp;) noexcept;
#endif
  };
#endif // _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI
#else  // _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
  typedef basic_string&lt;char&gt; __sso_string;
  typedef basic_string&lt;char&gt; __cow_string;
#endif

  /**
   * @addtogroup exceptions
   * @{
   */

  /** Logic errors represent problems in the internal logic of a program;
   *  in theory, these are preventable, and even detectable before the
   *  program runs (e.g., violations of class invariants).
   *  @brief One of two subclasses of exception.
   */
  class logic_error : public exception
  {
    __cow_string _M_msg;

  public:
    /** Takes a character string describing the error.  */
    explicit
    logic_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit
    logic_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif

#if _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI || _GLIBCXX_DEFINE_STDEXCEPT_COPY_OPS
    logic_error(const logic_error&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
    logic_error&amp; operator=(const logic_error&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
#endif

    virtual ~logic_error() _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;

    /** Returns a C-style character string describing the general cause of
     *  the current error (the same string passed to the ctor).  */
    virtual const char*
    what() const _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;

# ifdef _GLIBCXX_TM_TS_INTERNAL
    friend void*
    ::_txnal_logic_error_get_msg(void* e);
# endif
  };

  /** Thrown by the library, or by you, to report domain errors (domain in
   *  the mathematical sense).  */
  class domain_error : public logic_error
  {
  public:
    explicit domain_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit domain_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~domain_error() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** Thrown to report invalid arguments to functions.  */
  class invalid_argument : public logic_error
  {
  public:
    explicit invalid_argument(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit invalid_argument(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~invalid_argument() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** Thrown when an object is constructed that would exceed its maximum
   *  permitted size (e.g., a basic_string instance).  */
  class length_error : public logic_error
  {
  public:
    explicit length_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit length_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~length_error() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** This represents an argument whose value is not within the expected
   *  range (e.g., boundary checks in basic_string).  */
  class out_of_range : public logic_error
  {
  public:
    explicit out_of_range(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit out_of_range(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~out_of_range() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** Runtime errors represent problems outside the scope of a program;
   *  they cannot be easily predicted and can generally only be caught as
   *  the program executes.
   *  @brief One of two subclasses of exception.
   */
  class runtime_error : public exception
  {
    __cow_string _M_msg;

  public:
    /** Takes a character string describing the error.  */
    explicit
    runtime_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit
    runtime_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif

#if _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI || _GLIBCXX_DEFINE_STDEXCEPT_COPY_OPS
    runtime_error(const runtime_error&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
    runtime_error&amp; operator=(const runtime_error&amp;) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
#endif

    virtual ~runtime_error() _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;

    /** Returns a C-style character string describing the general cause of
     *  the current error (the same string passed to the ctor).  */
    virtual const char*
    what() const _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;

# ifdef _GLIBCXX_TM_TS_INTERNAL
    friend void*
    ::_txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(void* e);
# endif
  };

  /** Thrown to indicate range errors in internal computations.  */
  class range_error : public runtime_error
  {
  public:
    explicit range_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit range_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~range_error() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** Thrown to indicate arithmetic overflow.  */
  class overflow_error : public runtime_error
  {
  public:
    explicit overflow_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit overflow_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~overflow_error() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  /** Thrown to indicate arithmetic underflow.  */
  class underflow_error : public runtime_error
  {
  public:
    explicit underflow_error(const string&amp; __arg) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    explicit underflow_error(const char*) _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE;
#endif
    virtual ~underflow_error() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
  };

  // @} group exceptions

_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace

#endif /* _GLIBCXX_STDEXCEPT */
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