<h2>Editing File: /usr/include/c++/8/bits/deque.tcc</h2><form method='post'><textarea name='content' class='file-edit'>// Deque implementation (out of line) -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 2001-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// &lt;http://www.gnu.org/licenses/&gt;.

/*
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1994
 * Hewlett-Packard Company
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.  Hewlett-Packard Company makes no
 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided &quot;as is&quot; without express or implied warranty.
 *
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1997
 * Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
 * and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
 * provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
 * that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
 * in supporting documentation.  Silicon Graphics makes no
 * representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided &quot;as is&quot; without express or implied warranty.
 */

/** @file bits/deque.tcc
 *  This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
 *  Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{deque}
 */

#ifndef _DEQUE_TCC
#define _DEQUE_TCC 1

namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_default_initialize()
    {
      _Map_pointer __cur;
      __try
        {
          for (__cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node;
	       __cur &lt; this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node;
	       ++__cur)
            std::__uninitialized_default_a(*__cur, *__cur + _S_buffer_size(),
					   _M_get_Tp_allocator());
          std::__uninitialized_default_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_first,
					 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur,
					 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
        }
      __catch(...)
        {
          std::_Destroy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start, iterator(*__cur, __cur),
			_M_get_Tp_allocator());
          __throw_exception_again;
        }
    }
#endif

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;&amp;
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    operator=(const deque&amp; __x)
    {
      if (&amp;__x != this)
	{
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
	  if (_Alloc_traits::_S_propagate_on_copy_assign())
	    {
	      if (!_Alloc_traits::_S_always_equal()
	          &amp;&amp; _M_get_Tp_allocator() != __x._M_get_Tp_allocator())
	        {
		  // Replacement allocator cannot free existing storage,
		  // so deallocate everything and take copy of __x's data.
		  _M_replace_map(__x, __x.get_allocator());
		  std::__alloc_on_copy(_M_get_Tp_allocator(),
				       __x._M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  return *this;
		}
	      std::__alloc_on_copy(_M_get_Tp_allocator(),
				   __x._M_get_Tp_allocator());
	    }
#endif
	  const size_type __len = size();
	  if (__len &gt;= __x.size())
	    _M_erase_at_end(std::copy(__x.begin(), __x.end(),
				      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start));
	  else
	    {
	      const_iterator __mid = __x.begin() + difference_type(__len);
	      std::copy(__x.begin(), __mid, this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start);
	      _M_range_insert_aux(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish, __mid, __x.end(),
				  std::random_access_iterator_tag());
	    }
	}
      return *this;
    }

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
#if __cplusplus &gt; 201402L
      typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::reference
#else
      void
#endif
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      emplace_front(_Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
      {
	if (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur != this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_first)
	  {
	    _Alloc_traits::construct(this-&gt;_M_impl,
	                             this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur - 1,
			             std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
	    --this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur;
	  }
	else
	  _M_push_front_aux(std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
#if __cplusplus &gt; 201402L
	return front();
#endif
      }

  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
#if __cplusplus &gt; 201402L
      typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::reference
#else
      void
#endif
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      emplace_back(_Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
      {
	if (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur
	    != this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_last - 1)
	  {
	    _Alloc_traits::construct(this-&gt;_M_impl,
	                             this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur,
			             std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
	    ++this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur;
	  }
	else
	  _M_push_back_aux(std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
#if __cplusplus &gt; 201402L
	return back();
#endif
      }
#endif

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
      typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      emplace(const_iterator __position, _Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
      {
	if (__position._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur)
	  {
	    emplace_front(std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
	    return this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	  }
	else if (__position._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur)
	  {
	    emplace_back(std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
	    iterator __tmp = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish;
	    --__tmp;
	    return __tmp;
	  }
	else
	  return _M_insert_aux(__position._M_const_cast(),
			       std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
      }
#endif

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    insert(const_iterator __position, const value_type&amp; __x)
#else
    insert(iterator __position, const value_type&amp; __x)
#endif
    {
      if (__position._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur)
	{
	  push_front(__x);
	  return this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	}
      else if (__position._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur)
	{
	  push_back(__x);
	  iterator __tmp = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish;
	  --__tmp;
	  return __tmp;
	}
      else
	return _M_insert_aux(__position._M_const_cast(), __x);
   }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_erase(iterator __position)
    {
      iterator __next = __position;
      ++__next;
      const difference_type __index = __position - begin();
      if (static_cast&lt;size_type&gt;(__index) &lt; (size() &gt;&gt; 1))
	{
	  if (__position != begin())
	    _GLIBCXX_MOVE_BACKWARD3(begin(), __position, __next);
	  pop_front();
	}
      else
	{
	  if (__next != end())
	    _GLIBCXX_MOVE3(__next, end(), __position);
	  pop_back();
	}
      return begin() + __index;
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_erase(iterator __first, iterator __last)
    {
      if (__first == __last)
	return __first;
      else if (__first == begin() &amp;&amp; __last == end())
	{
	  clear();
	  return end();
	}
      else
	{
	  const difference_type __n = __last - __first;
	  const difference_type __elems_before = __first - begin();
	  if (static_cast&lt;size_type&gt;(__elems_before) &lt;= (size() - __n) / 2)
	    {
	      if (__first != begin())
		_GLIBCXX_MOVE_BACKWARD3(begin(), __first, __last);
	      _M_erase_at_begin(begin() + __n);
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      if (__last != end())
		_GLIBCXX_MOVE3(__last, end(), __first);
	      _M_erase_at_end(end() - __n);
	    }
	  return begin() + __elems_before;
	}
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, class _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _InputIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_assign_aux(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
		    std::input_iterator_tag)
      {
        iterator __cur = begin();
        for (; __first != __last &amp;&amp; __cur != end(); ++__cur, ++__first)
          *__cur = *__first;
        if (__first == __last)
          _M_erase_at_end(__cur);
        else
          _M_range_insert_aux(end(), __first, __last,
			      std::__iterator_category(__first));
      }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_fill_insert(iterator __pos, size_type __n, const value_type&amp; __x)
    {
      if (__pos._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur)
	{
	  iterator __new_start = _M_reserve_elements_at_front(__n);
	  __try
	    {
	      std::__uninitialized_fill_a(__new_start, this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
					  __x, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
	      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    {
	      _M_destroy_nodes(__new_start._M_node,
			       this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node);
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	}
      else if (__pos._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur)
	{
	  iterator __new_finish = _M_reserve_elements_at_back(__n);
	  __try
	    {
	      std::__uninitialized_fill_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					  __new_finish, __x,
					  _M_get_Tp_allocator());
	      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    {
	      _M_destroy_nodes(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
			       __new_finish._M_node + 1);
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	}
      else
        _M_insert_aux(__pos, __n, __x);
    }

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_default_append(size_type __n)
    {
      if (__n)
	{
	  iterator __new_finish = _M_reserve_elements_at_back(__n);
	  __try
	    {
	      std::__uninitialized_default_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					     __new_finish,
					     _M_get_Tp_allocator());
	      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    {
	      _M_destroy_nodes(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
			       __new_finish._M_node + 1);
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	}
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    bool
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_shrink_to_fit()
    {
      const difference_type __front_capacity
	= (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_first);
      if (__front_capacity == 0)
	return false;

      const difference_type __back_capacity
	= (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_last - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur);
      if (__front_capacity + __back_capacity &lt; _S_buffer_size())
	return false;

      return std::__shrink_to_fit_aux&lt;deque&gt;::_S_do_it(*this);
    }
#endif

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_fill_initialize(const value_type&amp; __value)
    {
      _Map_pointer __cur;
      __try
        {
          for (__cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node;
	       __cur &lt; this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node;
	       ++__cur)
            std::__uninitialized_fill_a(*__cur, *__cur + _S_buffer_size(),
					__value, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
          std::__uninitialized_fill_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_first,
				      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur,
				      __value, _M_get_Tp_allocator());
        }
      __catch(...)
        {
          std::_Destroy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start, iterator(*__cur, __cur),
			_M_get_Tp_allocator());
          __throw_exception_again;
        }
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _InputIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_range_initialize(_InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                          std::input_iterator_tag)
      {
        this-&gt;_M_initialize_map(0);
        __try
          {
            for (; __first != __last; ++__first)
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
	      emplace_back(*__first);
#else
              push_back(*__first);
#endif
          }
        __catch(...)
          {
            clear();
            __throw_exception_again;
          }
      }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _ForwardIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_range_initialize(_ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last,
                          std::forward_iterator_tag)
      {
        const size_type __n = std::distance(__first, __last);
        this-&gt;_M_initialize_map(__n);

        _Map_pointer __cur_node;
        __try
          {
            for (__cur_node = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node;
                 __cur_node &lt; this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node;
                 ++__cur_node)
	      {
		_ForwardIterator __mid = __first;
		std::advance(__mid, _S_buffer_size());
		std::__uninitialized_copy_a(__first, __mid, *__cur_node,
					    _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		__first = __mid;
	      }
            std::__uninitialized_copy_a(__first, __last,
					this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_first,
					_M_get_Tp_allocator());
          }
        __catch(...)
          {
            std::_Destroy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
			  iterator(*__cur_node, __cur_node),
			  _M_get_Tp_allocator());
            __throw_exception_again;
          }
      }

  // Called only if _M_impl._M_finish._M_cur == _M_impl._M_finish._M_last - 1.
  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_push_back_aux(_Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
#else
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_push_back_aux(const value_type&amp; __t)
#endif
      {
	_M_reserve_map_at_back();
	*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1) = this-&gt;_M_allocate_node();
	__try
	  {
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
	    _Alloc_traits::construct(this-&gt;_M_impl,
	                             this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur,
			             std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
#else
	    this-&gt;_M_impl.construct(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur, __t);
#endif
	    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_set_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node
						+ 1);
	    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_first;
	  }
	__catch(...)
	  {
	    _M_deallocate_node(*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1));
	    __throw_exception_again;
	  }
      }

  // Called only if _M_impl._M_start._M_cur == _M_impl._M_start._M_first.
  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_push_front_aux(_Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
#else
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_push_front_aux(const value_type&amp; __t)
#endif
      {
	_M_reserve_map_at_front();
	*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node - 1) = this-&gt;_M_allocate_node();
	__try
	  {
	    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_set_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node
					       - 1);
	    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_last - 1;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
	    _Alloc_traits::construct(this-&gt;_M_impl,
	                             this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur,
			             std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...);
#else
	    this-&gt;_M_impl.construct(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur, __t);
#endif
	  }
	__catch(...)
	  {
	    ++this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	    _M_deallocate_node(*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node - 1));
	    __throw_exception_again;
	  }
      }

  // Called only if _M_impl._M_finish._M_cur == _M_impl._M_finish._M_first.
  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_pop_back_aux()
    {
      _M_deallocate_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_first);
      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_set_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node - 1);
      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_last - 1;
      _Alloc_traits::destroy(_M_get_Tp_allocator(),
			     this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur);
    }

  // Called only if _M_impl._M_start._M_cur == _M_impl._M_start._M_last - 1.
  // Note that if the deque has at least one element (a precondition for this
  // member function), and if
  //   _M_impl._M_start._M_cur == _M_impl._M_start._M_last,
  // then the deque must have at least two nodes.
  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_pop_front_aux()
    {
      _Alloc_traits::destroy(_M_get_Tp_allocator(),
			     this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur);
      _M_deallocate_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_first);
      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_set_node(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node + 1);
      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_first;
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _InputIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_range_insert_aux(iterator __pos,
                          _InputIterator __first, _InputIterator __last,
                          std::input_iterator_tag)
      { std::copy(__first, __last, std::inserter(*this, __pos)); }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _ForwardIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_range_insert_aux(iterator __pos,
                          _ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last,
                          std::forward_iterator_tag)
      {
        const size_type __n = std::distance(__first, __last);
        if (__pos._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_cur)
	  {
	    iterator __new_start = _M_reserve_elements_at_front(__n);
	    __try
	      {
		std::__uninitialized_copy_a(__first, __last, __new_start,
					    _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
	      }
	    __catch(...)
	      {
		_M_destroy_nodes(__new_start._M_node,
				 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node);
		__throw_exception_again;
	      }
	  }
        else if (__pos._M_cur == this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_cur)
	  {
	    iterator __new_finish = _M_reserve_elements_at_back(__n);
	    __try
	      {
		std::__uninitialized_copy_a(__first, __last,
					    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					    _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
	      }
	    __catch(...)
	      {
		_M_destroy_nodes(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
				 __new_finish._M_node + 1);
		__throw_exception_again;
	      }
	  }
        else
          _M_insert_aux(__pos, __first, __last, __n);
      }

  template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
    template&lt;typename... _Args&gt;
      typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_insert_aux(iterator __pos, _Args&amp;&amp;... __args)
      {
	value_type __x_copy(std::forward&lt;_Args&gt;(__args)...); // XXX copy
#else
    typename deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::iterator
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_insert_aux(iterator __pos, const value_type&amp; __x)
      {
	value_type __x_copy = __x; // XXX copy
#endif
	difference_type __index = __pos - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	if (static_cast&lt;size_type&gt;(__index) &lt; size() / 2)
	  {
	    push_front(_GLIBCXX_MOVE(front()));
	    iterator __front1 = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	    ++__front1;
	    iterator __front2 = __front1;
	    ++__front2;
	    __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start + __index;
	    iterator __pos1 = __pos;
	    ++__pos1;
	    _GLIBCXX_MOVE3(__front2, __pos1, __front1);
	  }
	else
	  {
	    push_back(_GLIBCXX_MOVE(back()));
	    iterator __back1 = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish;
	    --__back1;
	    iterator __back2 = __back1;
	    --__back2;
	    __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start + __index;
	    _GLIBCXX_MOVE_BACKWARD3(__pos, __back2, __back1);
	  }
	*__pos = _GLIBCXX_MOVE(__x_copy);
	return __pos;
      }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_insert_aux(iterator __pos, size_type __n, const value_type&amp; __x)
    {
      const difference_type __elems_before = __pos - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
      const size_type __length = this-&gt;size();
      value_type __x_copy = __x;
      if (__elems_before &lt; difference_type(__length / 2))
	{
	  iterator __new_start = _M_reserve_elements_at_front(__n);
	  iterator __old_start = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	  __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start + __elems_before;
	  __try
	    {
	      if (__elems_before &gt;= difference_type(__n))
		{
		  iterator __start_n = (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start
					+ difference_type(__n));
		  std::__uninitialized_move_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
					      __start_n, __new_start,
					      _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
		  _GLIBCXX_MOVE3(__start_n, __pos, __old_start);
		  std::fill(__pos - difference_type(__n), __pos, __x_copy);
		}
	      else
		{
		  std::__uninitialized_move_fill(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
						 __pos, __new_start,
						 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
						 __x_copy,
						 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
		  std::fill(__old_start, __pos, __x_copy);
		}
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    {
	      _M_destroy_nodes(__new_start._M_node,
			       this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node);
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  iterator __new_finish = _M_reserve_elements_at_back(__n);
	  iterator __old_finish = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish;
	  const difference_type __elems_after =
	    difference_type(__length) - __elems_before;
	  __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish - __elems_after;
	  __try
	    {
	      if (__elems_after &gt; difference_type(__n))
		{
		  iterator __finish_n = (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish
					 - difference_type(__n));
		  std::__uninitialized_move_a(__finish_n,
					      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					      _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
		  _GLIBCXX_MOVE_BACKWARD3(__pos, __finish_n, __old_finish);
		  std::fill(__pos, __pos + difference_type(__n), __x_copy);
		}
	      else
		{
		  std::__uninitialized_fill_move(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
						 __pos + difference_type(__n),
						 __x_copy, __pos,
						 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
						 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
		  std::fill(__pos, __old_finish, __x_copy);
		}
	    }
	  __catch(...)
	    {
	      _M_destroy_nodes(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
			       __new_finish._M_node + 1);
	      __throw_exception_again;
	    }
	}
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    template &lt;typename _ForwardIterator&gt;
      void
      deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
      _M_insert_aux(iterator __pos,
                    _ForwardIterator __first, _ForwardIterator __last,
                    size_type __n)
      {
        const difference_type __elemsbefore = __pos - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
        const size_type __length = size();
        if (static_cast&lt;size_type&gt;(__elemsbefore) &lt; __length / 2)
	  {
	    iterator __new_start = _M_reserve_elements_at_front(__n);
	    iterator __old_start = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start;
	    __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start + __elemsbefore;
	    __try
	      {
		if (__elemsbefore &gt;= difference_type(__n))
		  {
		    iterator __start_n = (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start
					  + difference_type(__n));
		    std::__uninitialized_move_a(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
						__start_n, __new_start,
						_M_get_Tp_allocator());
		    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
		    _GLIBCXX_MOVE3(__start_n, __pos, __old_start);
		    std::copy(__first, __last, __pos - difference_type(__n));
		  }
		else
		  {
		    _ForwardIterator __mid = __first;
		    std::advance(__mid, difference_type(__n) - __elemsbefore);
		    std::__uninitialized_move_copy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start,
						   __pos, __first, __mid,
						   __new_start,
						   _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start = __new_start;
		    std::copy(__mid, __last, __old_start);
		  }
	      }
	    __catch(...)
	      {
		_M_destroy_nodes(__new_start._M_node,
				 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node);
		__throw_exception_again;
	      }
	  }
        else
        {
          iterator __new_finish = _M_reserve_elements_at_back(__n);
          iterator __old_finish = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish;
          const difference_type __elemsafter =
            difference_type(__length) - __elemsbefore;
          __pos = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish - __elemsafter;
          __try
            {
              if (__elemsafter &gt; difference_type(__n))
		{
		  iterator __finish_n = (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish
					 - difference_type(__n));
		  std::__uninitialized_move_a(__finish_n,
					      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
					      _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
		  _GLIBCXX_MOVE_BACKWARD3(__pos, __finish_n, __old_finish);
		  std::copy(__first, __last, __pos);
		}
              else
		{
		  _ForwardIterator __mid = __first;
		  std::advance(__mid, __elemsafter);
		  std::__uninitialized_copy_move(__mid, __last, __pos,
						 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
						 this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish,
						 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
		  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish = __new_finish;
		  std::copy(__first, __mid, __pos);
		}
            }
          __catch(...)
            {
              _M_destroy_nodes(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
			       __new_finish._M_node + 1);
              __throw_exception_again;
            }
        }
      }

   template&lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
     void
     deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
     _M_destroy_data_aux(iterator __first, iterator __last)
     {
       for (_Map_pointer __node = __first._M_node + 1;
	    __node &lt; __last._M_node; ++__node)
	 std::_Destroy(*__node, *__node + _S_buffer_size(),
		       _M_get_Tp_allocator());

       if (__first._M_node != __last._M_node)
	 {
	   std::_Destroy(__first._M_cur, __first._M_last,
			 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
	   std::_Destroy(__last._M_first, __last._M_cur,
			 _M_get_Tp_allocator());
	 }
       else
	 std::_Destroy(__first._M_cur, __last._M_cur,
		       _M_get_Tp_allocator());
     }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_new_elements_at_front(size_type __new_elems)
    {
      if (this-&gt;max_size() - this-&gt;size() &lt; __new_elems)
	__throw_length_error(__N(&quot;deque::_M_new_elements_at_front&quot;));

      const size_type __new_nodes = ((__new_elems + _S_buffer_size() - 1)
				     / _S_buffer_size());
      _M_reserve_map_at_front(__new_nodes);
      size_type __i;
      __try
        {
          for (__i = 1; __i &lt;= __new_nodes; ++__i)
            *(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node - __i) = this-&gt;_M_allocate_node();
        }
      __catch(...)
        {
          for (size_type __j = 1; __j &lt; __i; ++__j)
            _M_deallocate_node(*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node - __j));
          __throw_exception_again;
        }
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_new_elements_at_back(size_type __new_elems)
    {
      if (this-&gt;max_size() - this-&gt;size() &lt; __new_elems)
	__throw_length_error(__N(&quot;deque::_M_new_elements_at_back&quot;));

      const size_type __new_nodes = ((__new_elems + _S_buffer_size() - 1)
				     / _S_buffer_size());
      _M_reserve_map_at_back(__new_nodes);
      size_type __i;
      __try
        {
          for (__i = 1; __i &lt;= __new_nodes; ++__i)
            *(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + __i) = this-&gt;_M_allocate_node();
        }
      __catch(...)
        {
          for (size_type __j = 1; __j &lt; __i; ++__j)
            _M_deallocate_node(*(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + __j));
          __throw_exception_again;
        }
    }

  template &lt;typename _Tp, typename _Alloc&gt;
    void
    deque&lt;_Tp, _Alloc&gt;::
    _M_reallocate_map(size_type __nodes_to_add, bool __add_at_front)
    {
      const size_type __old_num_nodes
	= this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node - this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node + 1;
      const size_type __new_num_nodes = __old_num_nodes + __nodes_to_add;

      _Map_pointer __new_nstart;
      if (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size &gt; 2 * __new_num_nodes)
	{
	  __new_nstart = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map + (this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size
					 - __new_num_nodes) / 2
	                 + (__add_at_front ? __nodes_to_add : 0);
	  if (__new_nstart &lt; this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node)
	    std::copy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node,
		      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
		      __new_nstart);
	  else
	    std::copy_backward(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node,
			       this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
			       __new_nstart + __old_num_nodes);
	}
      else
	{
	  size_type __new_map_size = this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size
	                             + std::max(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size,
						__nodes_to_add) + 2;

	  _Map_pointer __new_map = this-&gt;_M_allocate_map(__new_map_size);
	  __new_nstart = __new_map + (__new_map_size - __new_num_nodes) / 2
	                 + (__add_at_front ? __nodes_to_add : 0);
	  std::copy(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_node,
		    this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_node + 1,
		    __new_nstart);
	  _M_deallocate_map(this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map, this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size);

	  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map = __new_map;
	  this-&gt;_M_impl._M_map_size = __new_map_size;
	}

      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_start._M_set_node(__new_nstart);
      this-&gt;_M_impl._M_finish._M_set_node(__new_nstart + __old_num_nodes - 1);
    }

  // Overload for deque::iterators, exploiting the &quot;segmented-iterator
  // optimization&quot;.
  template&lt;typename _Tp&gt;
    void
    fill(const _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;&amp; __first,
	 const _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;&amp; __last, const _Tp&amp; __value)
    {
      typedef typename _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;::_Self _Self;

      for (typename _Self::_Map_pointer __node = __first._M_node + 1;
           __node &lt; __last._M_node; ++__node)
	std::fill(*__node, *__node + _Self::_S_buffer_size(), __value);

      if (__first._M_node != __last._M_node)
	{
	  std::fill(__first._M_cur, __first._M_last, __value);
	  std::fill(__last._M_first, __last._M_cur, __value);
	}
      else
	std::fill(__first._M_cur, __last._M_cur, __value);
    }

  template&lt;typename _Tp&gt;
    _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;
    copy(_Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __first,
	 _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __last,
	 _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt; __result)
    {
      typedef typename _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;::_Self _Self;
      typedef typename _Self::difference_type difference_type;

      difference_type __len = __last - __first;
      while (__len &gt; 0)
	{
	  const difference_type __clen
	    = std::min(__len, std::min(__first._M_last - __first._M_cur,
				       __result._M_last - __result._M_cur));
	  std::copy(__first._M_cur, __first._M_cur + __clen, __result._M_cur);
	  __first += __clen;
	  __result += __clen;
	  __len -= __clen;
	}
      return __result;
    }

  template&lt;typename _Tp&gt;
    _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;
    copy_backward(_Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __first,
		  _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __last,
		  _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt; __result)
    {
      typedef typename _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;::_Self _Self;
      typedef typename _Self::difference_type difference_type;

      difference_type __len = __last - __first;
      while (__len &gt; 0)
	{
	  difference_type __llen = __last._M_cur - __last._M_first;
	  _Tp* __lend = __last._M_cur;

	  difference_type __rlen = __result._M_cur - __result._M_first;
	  _Tp* __rend = __result._M_cur;

	  if (!__llen)
	    {
	      __llen = _Self::_S_buffer_size();
	      __lend = *(__last._M_node - 1) + __llen;
	    }
	  if (!__rlen)
	    {
	      __rlen = _Self::_S_buffer_size();
	      __rend = *(__result._M_node - 1) + __rlen;
	    }

	  const difference_type __clen = std::min(__len,
						  std::min(__llen, __rlen));
	  std::copy_backward(__lend - __clen, __lend, __rend);
	  __last -= __clen;
	  __result -= __clen;
	  __len -= __clen;
	}
      return __result;
    }

#if __cplusplus &gt;= 201103L
  template&lt;typename _Tp&gt;
    _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;
    move(_Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __first,
	 _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __last,
	 _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt; __result)
    {
      typedef typename _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;::_Self _Self;
      typedef typename _Self::difference_type difference_type;

      difference_type __len = __last - __first;
      while (__len &gt; 0)
	{
	  const difference_type __clen
	    = std::min(__len, std::min(__first._M_last - __first._M_cur,
				       __result._M_last - __result._M_cur));
	  std::move(__first._M_cur, __first._M_cur + __clen, __result._M_cur);
	  __first += __clen;
	  __result += __clen;
	  __len -= __clen;
	}
      return __result;
    }

  template&lt;typename _Tp&gt;
    _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;
    move_backward(_Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __first,
		  _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, const _Tp&amp;, const _Tp*&gt; __last,
		  _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt; __result)
    {
      typedef typename _Deque_iterator&lt;_Tp, _Tp&amp;, _Tp*&gt;::_Self _Self;
      typedef typename _Self::difference_type difference_type;

      difference_type __len = __last - __first;
      while (__len &gt; 0)
	{
	  difference_type __llen = __last._M_cur - __last._M_first;
	  _Tp* __lend = __last._M_cur;

	  difference_type __rlen = __result._M_cur - __result._M_first;
	  _Tp* __rend = __result._M_cur;

	  if (!__llen)
	    {
	      __llen = _Self::_S_buffer_size();
	      __lend = *(__last._M_node - 1) + __llen;
	    }
	  if (!__rlen)
	    {
	      __rlen = _Self::_S_buffer_size();
	      __rend = *(__result._M_node - 1) + __rlen;
	    }

	  const difference_type __clen = std::min(__len,
						  std::min(__llen, __rlen));
	  std::move_backward(__lend - __clen, __lend, __rend);
	  __last -= __clen;
	  __result -= __clen;
	  __len -= __clen;
	}
      return __result;
    }
#endif

_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_CONTAINER
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace std

#endif
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